Prostate cancer screening is very routine when you reach 50. However, screening for prostate cancer has been recommended for men above the age of 50 who possess at least one symptom, like a lump or growth in the prostate. Prostate cancer can be detected at an earlier age than ever before. In order to detect and get treatment for this disease you must know all about prostate cancer symptoms.
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A blood test called PSA or prostate serum can measure levels of prostatic hormones like testosterone and also estrogen. Elevated PSA means that there is an increased chance that a tumor will grow. This is usually performed during a prostate-specific antigen test or a transurethral resection. Treatment usually consists of either surgery radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, or no treatment.
After prostate cancer is detected, your doctor will want to do hormonal therapy or suggest hormonal therapy. Hormone therapy can either be taken by mouth by prescription, given as an injection, or taken by shot. This treatment tries to shrink the cancer cells while trying to preserve the prostate gland itself. If this doesn't work or if it causes side effects, then surgery may be suggested. Sometimes the only option is to remove the entire prostate gland.
Sometimes drugs that attack the prostate cancer cells with anti-androgens can actually cause the cancer to spread or stop the cancer from spreading. When this happens, it's best to switch to another form of treatment. Drugs like tamoxifen, estates, or gemfibrozil are used to shrink the prostate tumor until it eventually dies. Also, if the anti-androgens interfere with testosterone production, then testosterone therapy is stopped and treatment with an alternative form of therapy should be started.
Surgery might also be an option. However, this is often only recommended in situations where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Prostate surgery involves removing the cancer from just one part of the body. It is a major surgery and there is also the possibility of multiple side effects.
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Chemotherapy, often known as a systemic agent, is one of the most commonly prescribed medications. It uses medication to kill cancer cells in your whole body, but it specifically targets the cancerous cells in the prostate and may also help prevent the growth of future tumors. This method of treatment has a higher success rate when compared to the others, but it can lead to side effects like fatigue, hair loss, nausea, constipation, and mouth sores. Your doctor will likely consider whether these side effects are severe enough to cause you to stop taking the medication.
Another type of new treatment uses stem cells for prostate cancers. This type of therapies are called biological treatment so they work to improve the immune system or regulate hormone levels in your body. Common side effects may include bone pain, fatigue, diarrhea, dizziness, allergies, low blood counts, mouth sores, nausea, lumps, swelling, and mood swings. If these symptoms last for more than two weeks, or if you experience a lot of them, your doctor will probably want to run some tests to confirm that the drug used for treatment is not the one causing the side effects.
Your doctor might also recommend radiation therapy, or radiotherapy, as one of the prostate cancer treatment options. This type of therapy uses high-energy rays to damage cancer cells that are already present in the prostate and to shrink tumors that are not responding to other forms of therapy. The side effects from radiotherapy depend on how many cells are being affected, how many spots are being targeted, the intensity of the rays being used, and how long the sessions last. Sometimes these drugs and therapies can be combined for better results.